Auto Trader NZ
Published 13 December 2024
When buying a car, you’ll often come across the terms “turbo” and “non-turbo.” These refer to the engine’s configuration and its method of delivering power. Let’s dive into what sets these two apart and how to decide which one suits your lifestyle.
What is a Turbocharged Engine?
A turbocharged engine, often called a “turbo,” uses a turbocharger to force more air into the engine. This boosts power by allowing the engine to burn more fuel and air together. The result? More oomph without increasing the engine size.
How It Works: A turbocharger uses exhaust gases to spin a turbine, which compresses air into the engine. This increases efficiency and power output.
Key Benefit: Smaller engine size with big performance and efficiency capabilities.
High-Performance Turbo Engines
Turbocharged engines have revolutionized the performance car market, offering incredible power and efficiency in smaller, lighter packages. By forcing more air into the engine, turbochargers deliver a significant boost in performance, often exceeding the power levels of much larger naturally aspirated engines. Here are some standout examples:
- Nissan GT-R’s VR38DETT Engine: The 3.8-litre twin-turbocharged V6 produces over 600 horsepower, combining brute power with precise engineering for amazing acceleration and track performance.
- Ford Focus RS: Featuring a 2.3-litre turbocharged inline-four engine, the Focus RS delivers 350 horsepower with dynamic handling, making it a hot hatch favourite.
- Porsche 911 Turbo S: Its 3.8-litre twin-turbo flat-six engine generates an astonishing 640 horsepower.
Turbocharged Everyday Cars Popular in New Zealand
- Mazda CX-5: A favourite among Kiwi families, the CX-5 features a 2.5-litre turbocharged engine that delivers smooth power and excellent comfort. Its reliability and practicality make it a staple on New Zealand roads.
- Volkswagen Golf TSI: Powered by a 1.4-litre turbocharged engine, the Golf is renowned for its refined drive and versatility, perfectly suited for New Zealand’s urban streets and winding highways.
What is a Non-Turbo Engine?
A non-turbo engine (also known as naturally aspirated or NA) relies solely on atmospheric pressure to bring air into the engine. There’s no extra force-feeding air, so power delivery is smoother but generally less intense.
How It Works: Air enters the engine at normal atmospheric pressure, mixing with fuel to create power.
Key Benefit: Simpler design with fewer components that could break down.
High-Performance Non-Turbo Engines
While turbocharged engines dominate the modern performance car market, high-performance non-turbo engines still hold a special place among enthusiasts. These engines prioritise precision, high-revving capabilities, and smooth power delivery. Some iconic examples include:
- Lamborghini Aventador’s V12 Engine: This 6.5-litre naturally aspirated V12 produces over 700 horsepower, offering exhilarating performance without relying on forced induction. Its linear power delivery and screaming redline make it a favourite among purists.
- Honda S2000’s F20C Engine: Known for its 9,000 RPM redline, this 2.0-litre four-cylinder engine produces 240 horsepower, achieving one of the highest power outputs per litre for a naturally aspirated engine.
- Porsche 911 GT3: The 4.0-litre flat-six engine in the GT3 delivers over 500 horsepower with an intoxicating exhaust note and razor-sharp throttle response.
Examples in New Zealand
- Mazda MX-5: This lightweight roadster offers a 2.0-litre naturally aspirated engine, providing an engaging drive for enthusiasts in New Zealand.
- Subaru Outback (2.5L NA engine): Perfect for long trips and weekend adventures and mountain adventures.
- Ford Mustang GT: The iconic 5.0-litre V8 naturally aspirated engine delivers unmatched thrills on the open Kiwi roads.
These engines often deliver a more organic driving experience, as their power builds naturally with RPM, rewarding drivers who enjoy precise control and high-revving thrills.
Comparing Turbo and Non-Turbo Cars
| Feature | Turbocharged Cars | Non-Turbo Cars |
|---|---|---|
| Performance | High power, quicker acceleration. | Smooth power delivery, less peaky. |
| Fuel Efficiency | More efficient when driven moderately. | Consistent efficiency, but less power. |
| Maintenance | More complex, higher potential repair costs. | Simpler, cheaper to maintain. |
| Driving Feel | Sporty, exciting for spirited driving. | Predictable, ideal for daily commutes. |
| Initial Cost | Often more expensive due to added tech. | Generally more affordable upfront. |
Pros and Cons of Turbo Cars
Pros:
- Increased Power: Turbo engines can produce a lot more power relative to their size, which is perfect for overtaking on the motorways.
- Fuel Efficiency: A small turbocharged engine can deliver decent fuel economy while providing power on demand.
- Fun to Drive: Turbo engines deliver a thrilling, sporty experience.
Cons:
- Lag: Some older turbo engines experience “turbo lag,” a delay in power delivery.
- Higher Maintenance Costs: The turbocharger is an additional component that can fail or require servicing.
- Premium Fuel: Many turbo engines perform best with high-octane petrol.
Pros and Cons of Non-Turbo Cars
Pros:
- Reliability: Fewer components mean fewer things to go wrong.
- Smooth Drive: Non-turbo engines offer a more predictable power curve.
- Lower Maintenance Costs: Simple design equals cheaper servicing.
Cons:
- Lower Power: Non-turbo engines may feel underwhelming, especially when driving up hills or under load.
- Fuel Consumption: Larger non-turbo engines may consume more fuel to compensate for the lack of power.
Which One Should You Choose?
Your choice depends on your driving style, needs, and budget.
- Go for a Turbo: If you love performance, plan to tow, or often drive in hilly areas, turbo cars like the Ford Ranger or Volkswagen GTI might be your best bet.
- Stick with Non-Turbo: If you want a dependable, no-frills daily driver with lower maintenance costs, non-turbo cars like the Toyota Corolla or Mazda MX-5 are ideal.
Turbo or Non-Turbo cars?
For Kiwis, turbocharged cars can be great for adventurous road trips, offering power and efficiency for long drives. On the other hand, non-turbo cars are perfect for city commutes and those who value simplicity and cost-effectiveness.
